2017 Diesel Range Rover: Luxury Meets Performance and Efficiency
Intro
The 2017 Diesel Range Rover signifies a remarkable synthesis of luxury and performance in the realm of automobiles. As the market leans increasingly toward eco-conscious craftsmanship, this model distinguishes itself by balancing potent performance metrics with impressive fuel efficiency. Enthusiasts and discerning buyers alike will discover merit in delving deeper into its design, functionality and advanced features.
Detailed Car Reviews
Overview of Vehicle Design and Aesthetics
The 2017 Diesel Range Rover exemplifies sophistication. Its exterior boldly states its presence with a commanding stance and sleek lines, crafted with premium materials. The front features a striking grille, yielding a look that is both authoritative and refined. Rear LED lights accentuate the vehicle's modernity.
Interior Features and Comfort
Once inside, passengers experience defined comfort. High-grade leather lines the seats, providing both luxury and support on long drives. Dashboard instruments are sleek and user-friendly. Additional features include spacious legroom, climate control, and a panoramic sunroof; ideal for comfortable journeys. The attention to detail is evident in both craftsmanship and material choice.
Performance Metrics and Test Drive Experience
When it comes to driving, the 2017 Diesel Range Rover does not disappoint. With a capable 3.0-liter V6 engine, it generates considerable power—roughly 254 horsepower. The vehicle accelerates smoothly, achieving 0 to 60 miles per hour in a competitive timeframe. Its air suspension system contributes to enhanced on-road stability and off-road capability, establishing confidence even on rugged terrains.
Fuel Economy and Efficiency
Regarding fuel economy, the diesel model's efficiency serves it well. The vehicle averages 22 miles per gallon in the city and approximately 28 on the highway. These statistics underscore the vehicle’s interface of power and eco-friendliness, aligning with the contemporary automotive narrative.
Safety Ratings and Technologies
Safety is of utmost importance, and the 2017 Diesel Range Rover comes equipped with comprehensive safety features. This includes adaptive cruise control, collision warning systems, and lane-keeping assistance. It was awarded a five-star safety rating from various automotive safety organizations, reinforcing its standing as an effective choice for families and adventure seekers.
It is essential to rigorously evaluate all safety features to ensure your vehicle offers the protection you need.
Buying Advice
Evaluating Your Needs and Preferences
Understanding personal requirements cannot be overstated. Factors like seating capacity, technological demands, and off-road capability play significant roles in selecting a new car.
Comparing Financial Options
Cost is always a core consideration. The price range for the 2017 Diesel Range Rover varies widely, depending on features and trims. It's prudent to compare financing offers from banks and local credit unions along with dealership options.
Understanding Lease vs.
Buy
Lease agreements often provide flexibility and lower monthly payments. However, outright purchases offer ownership. Consumers should weigh both alternatives, considering long-term vehicle goals.
Tips on Negotiation and Deal-Finding
Be prepared to negotiate the purchasing price. Research the dealer's invoice price and be ready to walk away if terms do not align with your expectation. Every negotiation can contribute to a better deal.
Key Questions to Ask a Dealer
Before finalizing a purchase, it’s crucial to inquire about:
- Warranty options
- Maintenance plans
- Financing terms
- Vehicle history (if buying used)
Understanding each facet of the deal can ensure an informed decision.
Technology Trends in Automotive
Overview of Emerging Technologies
Emerging technologies are fundamental in modern cars. They not only add luxury but improve overall functionalities as well. Technological advancements in the 2017 Diesel Range Rover support connectivity and efficiency in an impressive manner.
Impact of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
While the diesel engine provides efficiency, the needless shift to hybrid and electric vehicles has asserted pressure on all manufacturers to innovate further. Consequently, traditional Diesels may start adapting easier technology while preserving their distinctive attributes.
The Role of Autonomous Driving Features
The presence of adaptive cruise control and lane assistance indicates advancements in semi-autonomous functionalities. This direction towards self-driving features mirrors larger market trends advocating drivers’ convenience while ensuring adequate safety.
Integration of Smart Technology and Infotainment
Smart features, including a professional-grade infotainment system, serve most drivers accurately. Bluetooth integration and smartphone compatibility underscore a modern driving experience, undoubtedly a hallmark for potential buyers.
Future Prospects in Automotive Tech
The future will likely lean more towards sustainable solutions, enriching customer experience while keeping eco-friendliness under consideration. It's pertinent for consumers to stay informed as manufacturers adopt these transitions or improvements.
Vehicle Comparisons
Head-to-Head Model Analysis
When juxtaposed with contemporaries such as the BMW X5 and Mercedes-Benz GLE, the 2017 Diesel Range Rover consistently holds its position well. Performance metrics place it advantageously among peers.
Categorizing Vehicles by Price Range
In terms of luxury SUVs, the pricing segmentation merits an informed approach. Depending on features, the midpoint pricing appeals to a broader audience seeking both specializing aspects and affordability. This aspect marks it a proactive choice amidst competitive brands.
Identifying Best-Sellers vs.
Underdogs
The Diesel Range Rover's dominant presence solidifies its status as a 'best-seller.' Its reputation tends to overshadow lesser-known brands, thus encouraging buyers to opt for reliable choices often linked to statement luxury.
Consumer Ratings and Influence
Modern-day buyers exhibit tendencies based on online reviews. The Ratings display solid preferences catering to factors such as ease of maintenance and durability. Crucially, enthusiastic feedback inspires future potential investors.
Specialty Comparison (SUVs, Sedans, etc.
)
Within the luxury segment, escalating sales shall dictate the categorization nuances amongst leading contenders. Selection among varied segments frequently emerges based on styling preferences and actual on-road performance.
Car Maintenance Tips
Routine Inspection Checklists
Proper care extends a vehicle’s lifespan. Routine check for oil levels, tire pressure, and brake functionality remain vital. Embracing a minimal maintenance schedule fosters a proactive stance against repairs.
Common Repair Processes
Many car troubles can often arise unexpectedly. Common issues include disc brake maintenance, battery replacements, and filtration checks.
Seasonal Maintenance Guides
Each passing season heralds specific expectations. Prepare accordingly; chilly temps necessitate fluid checking, while warm weather drives attention towards cooling systems for overheating management.
Understanding Warranty and Service Contracts
Familiarize oneself with warranty conditions. A transparency knowledge associated with limits frames valuable maintenance decisions in a planned context.
Resources for DIY Car Care
Online tutorials and community discussions guide emerging car enthusiasts. Sites such as Reddit facilitate accessibility beyond formal instruction, fostering a knowledgeable consumer base knowledgeable in DIY maintenance practices.
Foreword to the Diesel Range Rover
The 2017 Diesel Range Rover represents an important shift in both the automotive luxury segment and eco-friendly initiative from manufacturers. Its introduction provides consumers with a range of options that marry both luxurious experience with practical environmental consideration. As diesel engines to continue growing in popularity in SUVs, understanding this model can benefit car enthusiasts and potential buyers alike. This section will provide an analysis of the significance of the 2017 Diesel Range Rover, its placement in the larger range of vehicles, and the specific advantages it offers to users.
Overview of the Range Rover Lineage
The Range Rover lineage dates back to its introduction in 1970, initially designed as a utilitarian vehicle that catered to a mix of on-road comfort and off-road capability. As the years progressed, each iteration of the Range Rover expanded its reputation, shifting from rugged functionality to a symbol of textile luxury combined with powerful engineering.
As part of a prestigious line of SUVs, the 2017 Diesel Range Rover inherits a wealth of heritage and brand strength. Each model in the series showcases the brand’s commitment to refining style, crafting unmatched interior space, and delivering cohesive technology which anticipates a driver's seated experience. The 2017 model establishes itself as no less than a pedal on the evolutionary arc, equipping contemporary drivers with innovation, comfort, and, most significantly, efficiency.
Significance of Diesel Engines in SUVs
Diesel engines have become increasingly crucial in the SUV segment, primarily due to their high torque and superior fuel efficiency. This can lead to longer driving ranges and greater towing capabilities, appealing greatly for both urban and rustic drivers.
In the case of the 2017 Diesel Range Rover, this powertrain does not just enhance fuel economy; it provides added depth in driving experience. Ejemplos of how this engine performs show a smooth transition of gears and minimal lag in acceleration, factors that matter for performance-oriented buyers.
Moreover, as sustainable technologies become more prominent, the diesel engine becomes an alternative to traditional gasoline pick for those concerned about their carbon footprint. This balance of power and efficiency allows the Range Rover to lead in a market increasingly seeking versatile but responsible options. If you are considering investing in an SUV that genuinely respects environmental limits without sacrificing experience, the 2017 Diesel Range Rover is a prime candidate.
Design and Aesthetics
The design and aesthetics of the 2017 Diesel Range Rover are essential elements that contribute significantly to its overall appeal. In the luxury SUV segment, a vehicle's visual presence speaks volumes about its identity. Beyond mere looks, design influences consumer perception, brand value, and even driving experience. In a market increasingly focused on not just functionality but also appearance, the 2017 Diesel Range Rover manages to effortlessly blend elegance with a robust aesthetic.
Exterior Design Features
The exterior of the 2017 Diesel Range Rover is impressive and embodies a recognizable silhouette. The first striking aspect is the bold front grille, which dominates the face of the vehicle. Sharp headlights with LED technology enhance not just visibility but also create a modern look. The flowing lines along the sides promote a sense of movement, crucial for a model meant to be instantly aggressive and friendly at the same time.
Another noteworthy feature is the elegant rear, complemented with sophisticated tail lights that echo the front design. Also, the vehicle's stance showcases a level of utility and confidence expected from a Range Rover.
While aesthetics are significant, functionality is critical too. The design allows for better aerodynamics, which potentially enhances fuel efficiency, aligning with current market demands for more eco-friendly products, even among luxury choices.
Interior Comfort and Materials
Inside the 2017 Diesel Range Rover, a world of luxury awaits. Premium materials are at each corner, from high-quality leather to wood veneers that amplify the exclusive feel. The comfort-driven layout ensures that occupants enjoy every journey, an aspect that stands paramount in a luxury genre.
Seating Arrangement
The seating arrangement in the 2017 Diesel Range Rover is particularly noteworthy. With numerous seating configurations, flexibility is a key characteristic. The standard capacity highlights a spacious and comfortable ride; however, the option for additional foldable seats caters to families or those needing extra accommodation.
This versatility is beneficial as it ensures that space is managed effectively to allow commuters to maximize every trip, whether short or long. Importantly, the ease of accessing rear seats elevates the experience, making the overall design not only elegant but functional.
Infotainment Systems
Infotainment systems integrated into the 2017 Diesel Range Rover offer state-of-the-art technology. These systems are user-centric, featuring large touchscreens that can manage navigation, media, and even vehicular diagnostics. This unique feature enhances connectivity, delivering a driving experience that goes beyond traditional expectations.
However, overcrowded features may lead users towards a learning curve that some might regard as a disadvantage. Nonetheless, once accustomed, the array of options gives greater control and enhances the overall comfort during travels.
Cabin Space
The cabin space within the 2017 Diesel Range Rover deserves attention. It is expansive, providing ample legroom and cargo flexibility. A well-designed layout means that even with more passengers onboard, comfort does not suffer. Storage spaces throughout the cabin further add to convenience when carrying items on long journeys.
Highlighting the accessibility of every section makes this vehicle quite practical. A drawback might present itself when the highest luxury expectations collide with passengers' intended cargo, where the room fill up quickly. Still, the balance achieved in the overall design helps to exceed most practicality aspirations of an SUV owner.
In essence, the design and aesthetics of the 2017 Diesel Range Rover cater not only to luxury aspects but also ensure practical benefits for real-world application.
Performance Metrics
Understanding performance metrics is pivotal when analyzing the 2017 Diesel Range Rover. High performance combines power, efficiency, and reliability, therefore making it essential for common outings to more rugged terrains. This vehicle aims to deliver excellence in numerous aspects, appealing to both luxury seekers and utility enthusiasts.
Engine Specifications
The 2017 model boasts a highly advanced engine that reflects its luxurious identity. Under the hood, it features a 3.0-liter V6 turbodiesel engine, which produces around 254 horsepower and 443 lb-ft of torque. This level of torque is remarkably useful for tasks ranging from city driving to towing heavier loads.
- Horsepower: 254
- Torque: 443 lb-ft
- Transmission: Eight-speed automatic transmission
This engine not only delivers authoritative thrust but also does so with commendable smoothness. The manufacturer designed features like a variable geometry turbocharger to optimize power output while maintaining fuel efficiency. This is influential for users who desire luxury alongside robust performance.
Fuel Efficiency Analysis
Fuel efficiency is a substantial factor for any prospective buyer today. The 2017 Diesel Range Rover does not disappoint in this domain. With an EPA rating of approximately 22 mpg in the city and 29 mpg on the highway, it demonstrates a robust balance between output and efficiency.
Considering this vehicle weight and size, these numbers are impressive. Efficient fuel consumption allows drivers to undertake longer journeys without needing frequent stops at the pump. This offers greater convenience, particularly during expeditions where less refueling means more exploration.
In addition to traditional driving styles, this model features adaptive driving modes that allow for better fuel management according to driving conditions.
A harmonious integration of power and efficiency marks the 2017 Diesel Range Rover as a standout in its competitive segment.
Ultimately, performance metrics in this luxury SUV seamlessly connect the demands of high-performance with consciousness for fuel usage, making it a relevant choice for many movers and shakers in today's automotive landscape.
Driving Experience
Driving experience defines how enjoyable and practical a vehicle feels during daily use. A robust driving experience can determine a buyer's satisfaction. The 2017 Diesel Range Rover excels in multiple areas, setting itself apart in an increasingly competitive market.
Handling and Stability
The ability to manage various driving conditions greatly influences a vehicle's desirability. The 2017 Diesel Range Rover showcases exceptional handling characteristics due to its advanced suspension and all-wheel-drive system. This enables the car to maintain grip, both on highways and winding roads. The steering is precise and offers a sense of connection to the road, enhancing the driver's confidence. Moreover, the air suspension allows for adjustments to ride height, yielding a more comfortable drive.
Several prominent features contribute to this vehicle's advantageous stability:
- Dynamic Stability Control: This system minimizes skidding and loss of control, enhancing safety.
- Adaptive Dynamics: It adjusts the suspension settings based on driving style and road conditions, optimizing performance.
In addition, the low center of gravity helps to alleviate body roll in cornering, supporting a sense of control in various driving scenarios.
Off-Road Capabilities
Off-road performance remains a focal point for the Range Rover lineage. The 2017 Diesel Range Rover does not disappoint with its impressive capabilities away from concrete paths. The Integral Terrain Response System simplifies off-road driving, allowing the driver to easily select preset modes based on conditions like mud, sand, or rocks. This systems makes adjustment seamless, fostering a user-friendly experience.
Features that enhance its roff-road prowess incude:
- Hill Descent Control: This feature assists the driver in navigating steep descents while maintaining a safe speed.
- Ground Clearance: Adjusting the air suspension for improved ground clearance is also possible, empowering the vehicle to tackle more uneven terrain.
Overall, both the handling and off-road capabilities culminate to a driving experience that resonates with those who prioritize luxury with functionality. The synergy between advanced technology and driver engagement ensures that the 2017 Diesel Range Rover remains effective in various environments.
Technological Innovations
Technological innovations serve as the backbone of modern automobiles, including the 2017 Diesel Range Rover. In this segment, we will detail the significant advancements that enhance both driving experiences and safety considerations. These innovations do not only showcase a leap in engineering; they are also integral for meeting increasingly demanding consumer expectations. Understanding these features can help potential buyers or enthusiasts appreciate the genius behind the vehicle's design.
Safety Features Overview
Safety is paramount in the automotive industry, and the 2017 Diesel Range Rover excels in this regard. Equipped with a suite of advanced safety systems, it emphasizes the protection of both drivers and passengers. This includes:
- Adaptive Cruise Control: Maintains a selected speed while adjusting to traffic flow.
- Blind Spot Monitoring: Alerts when another vehicle enters blind spots, enhancing awareness during lane changes.
- Emergency Braking: Automatically engages brakes if a collision is imminent, significantly reducing impact potential.
Each of these technologies showcases a comprehension of how to enhance safety while preserving the elegance typical of the Range Rover line.
Investing in vehicles with advanced safety features can significantly lower insurance costs and provide peace of mind on the road.
Infotainment and Connectivity Functions
The infotainment system in the 2017 Diesel Range Rover is a conspicuous feature for anyone seeking intuitive technology. This system is marked by user-friendly interfaces that cater to tech-savvy users.
- Touchscreen Interface: A responsive touchscreen is at the heart, simplifying controls for navigation, media, and vehicle settings.
- Smartphone Integration: Compatibility with Apple CarPlay and Android Auto allows easy access to apps and navigation.
- Bluetooth Connectivity: Effortlessly connects mobile devices for hands-free calls and streaming audio.
The seamless integration of technology not only elevates user experience but also keeps passengers entertained and informs the driver without distraction. Having such versatility in connectivity ensures that the 2017 Diesel Range Rover remains ahead in the relativity of automotive tech advancements.
Comparison with Competitors
The automotive landscape is highly competitive, especially in the luxury SUV segment where the 2017 Diesel Range Rover resides. Comparison with competitors is crucial as it enables potential buyers to understand its advantages and disadvantages against similar models. It also highlights the unique selling points of the Range Rover, offering insights into utility, performance, and overall value.
Key Competitors Analyzed
In this analysis, we examine some key competitors to the 2017 Diesel Range Rover, focusing on their significant similarities and contrasts:
- BMW X5 Diesel
The X5 is known for its sporty handling and impressive technology options. However, its interior may lack the upscale feel of the Range Rover. - Mercedes-Benz GLE Diesel
The GLE offers high quality and strong performance. It may outperform in navigation systems, but premium feel and off-road potential are typically seen as lesser compared to Range Rover. - Audi Q7 TDI
Known for sophisticated tech and spacious interiors, the Q7 shines in road comfort but does not always match the driving experience offered by the Diesel Range Rover.
Evaluating these competitors can enrich understanding for car enthusiasts and buyers regarding their choices in the luxury SUV market.
Strengths and Weaknesses
In terms of strengths; the 2017 Diesel Range Rover stands out in several key areas, such as:
- Luxury and Comfort: The interior is meticulously crafted, offering premium materials and ample space.
- Off-Road Capability: Known for exceptional off-road performance, which gives it a competitive edge.
- Brand Reputation: The Range Rover brand itself carries prestige and signifies a certain status among luxury vehicle consumers.
However, it is important to recognize some weaknesses:
- Price Point: The starting price of the Diesel Range Rover makes it less accessible than some competitors, which may deter price-sensitive buyers.
- Fuel Economy: While it represents improvements in diesel efficiency, competitors might offer better fuel economy in similar vehicles.
- Technology Integration: Despite robust features, some technologies lag behind competitors' cutting-edge offerings in the infotainment area.
Through these assessments, the 2017 Diesel Range Rover can be seen as a formidable choice, with a clear understanding of its competitive position enriching decision-making for potential buyers.
Overall, the examination of competitors is essential for understanding where the 2017 Diesel Range Rover stands in terms of excellence in the evolving automotive market.
Owner Considerations
Understanding the ownership of a vehicle like the 2017 Diesel Range Rover involves much more than appreciating its luxury features and performance. The focus on Maintenance and Reliability and Resale Value Trends outlines critical aspects that are integral to the ownership experience. It is essential to consider these elements to make informed choices and ensure the long-term satisfaction with the vehicle.
Maintenance and Reliability Insights
The 2017 Diesel Range Rover is a premium SUV, and as such, maintaining it requires attention and resources. Regular maintenance can greatly impact the vehicle's reliability and longevity. The following factors are significant for owners:
- Scheduled Services: Following Land Rover’s recommended service intervals is crucial. This includes oil changes, filter replacements, and checks of all essential systems.
- Genuine Parts: Using original equipment manufacturer (OEM) parts when replacements are needed not only bolsters durability but also helps in keeping the warranty intact.
- Common Issues: Some owners report problems with the air suspension and electronics, so keeping abreast of potential issues can aid immensely in maintenance planning.
- Expert Mechanics: Finding a technician skilled in Land Rover vehicles is advisable. This specialized knowledge can ensure that repairs and maintenance are performed correctly, optimizing performance.
Regularly monitoring vehicle conditions and prompt addressing of issues are fundamental practices. Owners may benefit from devising maintenance schedules ahead of time. By emphasizing reliability, drivers can enjoy the vehicle's full potential without it becoming a burden.
Resale Value Trends
Resale value is another critical consideration impacting the ownership costs of a 2017 Diesel Range Rover. Understanding resale trends helps potential buyers assess the long-term investment and health of their purchase. Key points include:
- Brand Reputation: Land Rover maintains a reputation for luxury and capability which supports higher resale values compared to some competitors.
- Mileage and Condition: Generally, lower mileage and excellent condition translate to better resale prices. Owners are encouraged to keep the vehicle in top shape and document maintenance history effectively.
- Market Trends: The shift towards eco-friendly vehicles may affect demand for diesel options. As markets evolve, potential buyers should monitor closely how diesel performance features influence resale.
- Demand in Used Market: High competition in the luxury SUV market can affect resale timings and prices. Studying market trends can assist owners in timing their sale for optimal returns.
Understanding the intersections between maintenance, reliability, and resale values can assist in taking full advantage of the benefits associated with the 2017 Diesel Range Rover ownership. Owners should approach their investment with a sense of strategic planning to ensure current and future value.
This comprehensive perspective aids in much better judgment about sustaining the value of investments in luxury vehicles.
Market Positioning
The market positioning of the 2017 Diesel Range Rover is critical in understanding how it stands relative to its competitors. It informs potential buyers about the target audience and serves as a guide to forecast sales trends and brand evolution. In a time when consumers are becoming increasingly environmentally conscious, the Diesel Range Rover captures a unique niche. It balances luxury and performance while also adhering to stricter emissions regulations compared to traditional gasoline engines. Buyers can appreciate this blend as a significant selling point.
Recognizing the key price points in the premium SUV segment is also essential. The starting price for the 2017 Diesel Range Rover positioned it amidst affluent buyers who seek high-quality vehicles with extensive features. The complexity of this market requires carefully designed strategies that target a specific demographic keen on luxury, brand reputation, and sustainable practices.
Pricing Analysis
Pricing for the 2017 Diesel Range Rover reflects its premium status, introducing it into a category that attracts wealthier clients. As observed at dealerships, prices typically ranged from around $83,000 to $150,000 when new, depending on configurations and options.
Factors that drive this pricing include:
- Luxury Features: The incorporation of top-notch materials and contemporary technology.
- Performance Specifications: Powerful, efficient diesel engine offerings.
- Brand Heritage: Land Rover’s solid reputation contributes significantly.
This high price band can limit access to everyday consumers; however, it establishes exclusivity that many buyers desire. Moreover, the refined build translates to minimal depreciation over time when owning a luxury SUV.
Target Demographic Insights
The target demographic for the 2017 Diesel Range Rover can be classified distinctly. Market research indicates the primary audience includes:
- Affluent Families: Parents requiring spacious interiors but not wanting to compromise on style and comfort.
- Adventure Seekers: Those who value off-road capabilities alongside everyday usability.
- Eco-Conscious Consumers: Investors wanting to minimize their environmental impact through efficient diesel options without sacrificing performance.
Additionally, potential buyers are typically between 35 to 55 years old, often holding professional occupations or engaging in business leadership roles. Recognizing this diversifies approaches within marketing campaigns, emphasizing aspects appealing most notably to these life stages.
Understanding the audience helps tailor sales approaches and ensures retaining customer loyalty.
“The essence of competitive advantage revolves around an understanding of the market landscape.”
Tailoring ad campaigns featuring lifestyle attributes, sustainability issues, and quality will resonate more with buyers, engendering brand affiliation.
Finale
The conclusion serves as to summarize the findings and offer an overall perspective on the 2017 Diesel Range Rover. By encapsulating the strengths and key takeaways of this vehicle, it assists potential buyers in making informed decisions regarding their investment.
Final Thoughts on the Diesel Range Rover
The 2017 Diesel Range Rover stands out in the luxury SUV market. It balances power with efficiency, making it a practical choice without sacrificing elegance. Many owners appreciate its advanced technology, safety features, and off-road capabilities.
The art of engineering suits luxury and everyday usability in one vehicle.
With exterior design that captivates attention and an interior embodying comfort, this Range Rover is more than mere aesthetics. Buyers benefit from
- Powerful engine options
- Excellent fuel economy for its class
- Comprehensive tech features that enhance the driving experience.
On a broader market level, its position aligns well against competitors, offering unique advantages that warrant consideration for enthusiasts.
In terms of longevity and resale value, owners can expect a robust return on their investment, given the brand's established reputation. Overall, it's solvable choice that lies at the intersection of performance delievers and eco-consciousness. The 2017 Diesel Range Rover thus remains a compelling option in a rapidly evolving automotive landscape.
